In some areas,
droughts can be mitigated by growing xerophytic crops [cactus] for animal feed.
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation [ENSO] produces droughts coupled with floods.
The ENSO is a natural phenomenon whose cause is not known with certainty.
It is attributed to large-scale teleconnections between atmosphere and hydrosphere along the Pacific [ocean] equatorial zone.
It is an expression of the Earth's cybernetic [self-controlled] behavior.