 |
|
Fig. 1 Proposed damsite at |
LAMBAYEQUE, PERU
TASK 5: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
PART 2C: SECTION 4.3
June 29, 2009
Dr. Victor M. Ponce
Environmental Consultant
4.3 Human resources setting
The human resources setting includes demography, economy and development, land use, infrastructure,
housing, schools, health care, transportation,
fishing, recreation, public services, and archaeological and historical resources.
The area of influence is the La Leche river valley, particularly its lower reach, where there is high
concentration of social and economic activity.
4.3.1 Demography
The study area is located in the department of Lambayeque, within
the provinces of Ferreñafe and Lambayeque (Fig. 46).
The population of the department of Lambayeque, by provinces, is shown in Table 8.
The total population of Lambayeque (1,112,868) represents 4.1% of the population of Peru. The province of Chiclayo concentrates 68.1% of the
population of the department of Lambayeque. The current (2007) rate of population growth is 1.4%.
 |
| Fig. 46 Map of the department of Lambayeque. |
| Table 8. Population in the department of Lambayeque, Peru. | ||||||||
| Province | Surface (km2) |
Population | ||||||
| Chiclayo | 6,211 | 757,452 | ||||||
| Lambayeque | 4,254 | 259,274 | ||||||
| Ferreñafe | 5,231 | 96,142 | ||||||
| Total | 15,696 | 1,112,868 | ||||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú): Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2007. |
The area of influence for this study comprises the districts of Íllimo, Jayanca, Pacora and Túcume, in the province of Lambayeque, and Pítipo, in the province of Ferreñafe. The location of the towns, relative to the La Leche valley, is shown in Fig. 47. The entrance to Íllimo is shown in Fig. 48.
The population by districts is shown in Table 9. The urban rural and urban population, by districts, is shown in Table 10. The rural population is 62.3% of the total. The district of Pítipo has 39.6% of the population. The population growth projection in the area of influence is shown in Table 11. The area of Pítipo has the highest growth rate (3.6%).
 |
| Fig. 47 Satellite view of the area of influence. |
 |
| Fig. 48 Entrance to the town of Illimo. |
| Table 9. Population in the area of influence. | ||||||||
| Province | District | Population (persons) |
||||||
| Lambayeque | Íllimo | 9,693 | ||||||
| Jayanca | 14,959 | |||||||
| Pacora | 7,412 | |||||||
| Túcume | 22,589 | |||||||
| Ferreñafe | Pítipo | 21,272 | ||||||
| Total | 75,925 | |||||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú): Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2007. |
| Table 10. Rural and urban population in the area of influence. | ||||||||
| Province | District | Population | ||||||
| Rural | Urban | Total | ||||||
| Lambayeque | Íllimo | 5,706 | 4,710 | 10,416 | ||||
| Jayanca | 10,402 | 9,994 | 20,396 | |||||
| Pacora | 4,693 | 4,945 | 9,638 | |||||
| Túcume | 22,681 | 12,807 | 35,488 | |||||
| Ferreñafe | Pítipo | 34,824 | 14,887 | 49,711 | ||||
| Total | 78,306 | 47,343 | 125,649 | |||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú) (1993). |
| Table 11. Population growth projections in the area of influence. | ||||||||
| Province | District | Population of more than 15 of age | ||||||
| Persons | Percentage of total |
Growth rate (%) |
||||||
| Lambayeque | Íllimo | 6,929 | 66.5 | 0.3 | ||||
| Jayanca | 13,645 | 66.9 | 1.3 | |||||
| Pacora | 6,426 | 66.7 | 1.1 | |||||
| Túcume | 22,755 | 64.1 | 1.9 | |||||
| Ferreñafe | Pítipo | 32,486 | 65.4 | 3.6 | ||||
| Total | 82,241 | 65.9 | - | |||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú) (1995-2000). |
4.3.2 Economy and development
An indicator of the level of poverty is the Unsatisfied Basic Necessities (UBN) [Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas, NBI].
This indicador reflects the shortage of a basic necessity, such as substandard housing, overcrowding, lack of sewage, or lack of schooling for children.
Table 12 shows the UBN percentage of the population, by provinces and districts, including Chiclayo and Lambayeque,
for comparison purposes. The district of Pítipo
is shown to have the highest value of UBN (60.9%) in the area of influence, and Jayanca the lowest (45.2%).
The lowest UBN values correspond to the predominantly urban districts of Chiclayo and Lambayeque.
Table 13 shows the population listed by type of unsatisfied basin necessity in the area of influence. Pítipo shows the highest percentage with
lack of sewage (37.4%).
| Table 12. Population with at least one unsatified basic necessity (UBN) in the area of influence and vicinity. | ||||||||
| Province | District | Total number of homes |
Homes with UBN | |||||
| Number | Percentage (%) |
|||||||
| Chiclayo | Chiclayo | 49,087 | 14,725 | 30.0 | ||||
| Lambayeque | Lambayeque | 8,497 | 3,451 | 40.6 | ||||
| Íllimo | 1,601 | 782 | 48.8 | |||||
| Jayanca | 2,286 | 1,034 | 45.2 | |||||
| Pacora | 1,198 | 555 | 46.3 | |||||
| Túcume | 3,080 | 1,589 | 51.6 | |||||
| Ferreñafe | Pítipo | 2,764 | 1,682 | 60.9 | ||||
| Source: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 2007. |
| Table 13. Population listed by type of unsatified basic necessity (UBN) in the area of influence. | ||||||||||||
| District | Total number of homes |
Substandard housing | Overcrowding | No sewage | Children not attending school | Persons with high economic dependence | ||||||
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |||
| Íllimo | 1,601 | 149 | 9.3 | 239 | 14.9 | 236 | 14.7 | 134 | 8.4 | 327 | 20.4 | |
| Jayanca | 2,286 | 422 | 18.5 | 247 | 10.8 | 284 | 12.4 | 116 | 5.1 | 412 | 18.0 | |
| Pacora | 1,198 | 184 | 15.4 | 147 | 12.3 | 171 | 14.3 | 83 | 6.9 | 208 | 17.4 | |
| Túcume | 3,080 | 398 | 12.9 | 436 | 14.2 | 588 | 19.1 | 313 | 10.2 | 699 | 22.7 | |
| Pítipo | 2,764 | 508 | 18.4 | 282 | 10.2 | 1,035 | 37.4 | 222 | 8.0 | 552 | 20.0 | |
| Source: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 2007. |
Table 14 shows the inmigration and emigration in the department of Lambayeque for the year 2007. Inmigration to Lambayeque originates in the neighboring department of Cajamarca, from the provinces of Chota and Cutervo. The existence of a good road between Cajamarca and Chiclayo encourages the movement of people, and of goods and services.
| Table 14. Inmigration and emigration in the department of Lambayeque in 2007. | ||||||||
| Department | Inmigrants | Emigrants | Balance | Inmigrant rate | Emigrant rate | Net rate | ||
| Lambayeque | 64,952 | 66,046 | (1,094) | 16.5 | 16.8 | (-0.3) | ||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú): Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2007. |
Table 15 shows the migratory trends from selected departments to northern Peruvian cities. For instance, 28.0% of the migrants to the city of Chiclayo originated in the department of Cajamarca, while 6.0% of the migrants to the city of Cajamarca originated in the department of Lambayeque. Table 16 shows the density of roads in the area of influence. All five districts are shown to have low road density.
| Table 15. Inmigration from departments to northern cities in 2007. | ||||||||
| Northern city | Inmigration by department (%) | |||||||
| Lambayeque | Cajamarca | Piura | Lima-Callao | Other | ||||
| Tumbes | 12.3 | 2.8 | 38.0 | 19.5 | 46.9 | |||
| Piura | 6.0 | 2.2 | 57.3 | 19.4 | 34.5 | |||
| Sullana | 4.2 | 1.7 | 60.8 | 18.0 | 33.3 | |||
| Talara | 4.4 | 0.7 | 56.9 | 23.3 | 38.0 | |||
| Chiclayo | 26.6 | 28.0 | 9.2 | 14.5 | 36.2 | |||
| Trujillo | 3.6 | 10.3 | 5.5 | 12.7 | 80.6 | |||
| Chachapoyas | 5.5 | 6.1 | 0.8 | 16.9 | 87.6 | |||
| Cajamarca | 6.0 | 53.8 | 1.4 | 16.2 | 38.8 | |||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú): Migraciones internas del Perú 2007. |
| Table 16. Density of roads in the area of influence. | ||||||||
| Province | District | Surface area (km2) |
Length of roads (km) |
Road density (km/km2) |
||||
| Lambayeque | Íllimo | 24.37 | 20.68 | 0.85 | ||||
| Jayanca | 680.96 | 97.48 | 0.14 | |||||
| Pacora | 87.79 | 76.67 | 0.87 | |||||
| Túcume | 67.00 | 51.81 | 0.77 | |||||
| Ferreñafe | Pítipo | 558.18 | 114.42 | 0.11 | ||||
| Source: Georeferenced mapping of the highway and road network in Lambayeque (PEOT). |
Table 17 shows employment trends in the department of Lambayeque. The percentage of women in economic activities appears to be increasing. Likewise, the percentage of gainfully employed women appears to be on the rise.
| Table 17. Economically active population, older than 15 years of age, in the department of Lambayeque. | |||||||||||||
| Condition of activity | Year 1981 | ||||||||||||
| Total | Men | Women | |||||||||||
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | ||||||||
| 1. Population | 383,051 | 100.0 | 185,661 | 100.0 | 197,390 | 100.0 | |||||||
| A | Economically active | 184,388 | 48.1 | 144,100 | 77.6 | 40,288 | 20.4 | ||||||
| B | Economically inactive | 198,663 | 51.9 | 41,561 | 22.4 | 157,102 | 79.6 | ||||||
| 2. Economically active population | 184,388 | 100.0 | 144,100 | 100.0 | 40,288 | 100.0 | |||||||
| A | Employed | 168,691 | 91.5 | 135,627 | 94.1 | 33,064 | 82.1 | ||||||
| B | Unemployed | 15,697 | 8.5 | 8,473 | 5.9 | 7,224 | 17.9 | ||||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática 2007. |
| Table 17. (Continued). | |||||||||||||
| Condition of activity | Year 1993 | ||||||||||||
| Total | Men | Women | |||||||||||
| No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | ||||||||
| 1. Population | 578.251 | 100.0 | 275,769 | 100.0 | 302,482 | 100.0 | |||||||
| A | Economically active | 269,812 | 46.7 | 199,622 | 72.4 | 70,190 | 23.2 | ||||||
| B | Economically inactive | 308,439 | 53.3 | 76,147 | 27.6 | 232,292 | 76.8 | ||||||
| 2. Economically active population | 269,812 | 100.0 | 199,622 | 100.0 | 70,190 | 100.0 | |||||||
| A | Employed | 240,636 | 89.2 | 178,680 | 89.5 | 61,956 | 88.3 | ||||||
| B | Unemployed | 29,176 | 10.8 | 20,942 | 10.5 | 8,234 | 11.7 | ||||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática 2007. |
4.3.3 Land use
Agriculture is the predominant economic activity in the area of influence. Table 18 shows that
the province of Lambayeque (the largest of all three provinces) has the most
farmers and the largest farmed surface area.
The districts of Íllimo, Jayanca, Pacora, and Túcume are located within the province of Lambayeque.
Thus, agriculture is the most important economic activity in the area of influence.
Table 19 shows the number of farmers and farmed surface area in the area of influence. Túcume has the most farmers,
while Pítipo has the largest surface area under cultivation.
Table 20 shows the type of ownership of farmland. Pitipo has two large farmer communities
[comunidades campesinas], while
Íllimo has the largest number of small individual landowners.
| Table 18. Number of farmers and farmed surface area in department of Lambayeque, by provinces. | ||||||||
| Province | Farmers | Farmed surface area | ||||||
| Number | % | Ha. | % | |||||
| Chiclayo | 12,993 | 29.3 | 179,116 | 25.1 | ||||
| Lambayeque | 21,998 | 49.6 | 376,944 | 52.8 | ||||
| Ferreñafe | 9,361 | 21.1 | 157,708 | 22.1 | ||||
| Total | 44,352 | 100.0 | 713,768 | 100.0 | ||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 1994. |
| Table 19. Number of farmers and farmed surface area in the area of influence. | ||||||||
| Province | District | Farmers | Farmed surface area | |||||
| Number | % | Ha. | % | |||||
| Lambayeque | Íllimo | 1,136 | 14.4 | 2,018 | 2.2 | |||
| Jayanca | 1,540 | 19.5 | 21,496 | 23.4 | ||||
| Pacora | 1,295 | 16.4 | 6,839 | 7.5 | ||||
| Túcume | 2,242 | 28.4 | 6,381 | 6.9 | ||||
| Ferreñafe | Pítipo | 1,682 | 21.3 | 55,051 | 60.0 | |||
| Total | 7,895 | 100.0 | 91,785 | 100.0 | ||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 1994. |
| Table 20. Type of ownership of farmland in the area of influence. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| District | Total | Individually owned | Society of fact | Society of limited responsibility | Corporation | Farmer group | ||||||||||||||
| No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
|||||||||
| Íllimo | 1,136 | 2,018 | 1,121 | 1,976 | 14 | 40 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||
| Jayanca | 1,540 | 21,496 | 1,524 | 11,882 | 4 | 812 | 3 | 280 | 3 | 853 | 2 | 1,300 | ||||||||
| Pacora | 1,295 | 6,839 | 1,277 | 6,588 | 16 | 187 | - | - | 1 | 61 | - | - | ||||||||
| Túcume | 2,242 | 6,381 | 2,208 | 5,960 | 32 | 87 | - | - | 1 | 5 | - | - | ||||||||
| Pítipo | 1,682 | 55,051 | 1,614 | 7,261 | 60 | 324 | 2 | 22 | - | - | 1 | 3,804 | ||||||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 1994. |
| Table 20. (Continued). | ||||||||||||||||||||
| District | Farmer community | Agricultural cooperative | Workers' agricultural cooperative | Other | ||||||||||||||||
| No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
|||||||||||||
| Íllimo | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
| Jayanca | - | - | 1 | 251 | - | - | 3 | 6,118 | ||||||||||||
| Pacora | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||
| Túcume | - | - | 1 | 329 | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||
| Pítipo | 2 | 39,456 | - | - | 1 | 4,182 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 1994. |
Table 21 shows land use in the area of influence. Most of the agricultural lands are under irrigation. Jayanca and Pítipo have the largest fraction of nonagricultural land.
| Table 21. Land use in the area of influence. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| District | Total * | Agricultural land | Nonagricultural land | |||||||||||||||||
| Total | Under irrigation | Dryland farming | Total | Natural grass | Hills and forests | Other | ||||||||||||||
| No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
No. | Area (Ha) |
|||||
| Íllimo | 1,132 | 2,015.64 | 1,091 | 1,780.26 | 1,086 | 1,767.68 | 15 | 12.58 | 216 | 235.38 | 7 | 5.25 | 190 | 217.03 | 23 | 13.10 | ||||
| Jayanca | 1,529 | 21,496.24 | 1,363 | 8,739.09 | 1,362 | 8,729.09 | 1 | 10.00 | 654 | 12,757.15 | 61 | 137.16 | 499 | 11,139.68 | 117 | 1,480.31 | ||||
| Pacora | 1,285 | 6,802.60 | 1,252 | 5,737.89 | 1,251 | 5,709.89 | 9 | 28.00 | 754 | 1,064.71 | - | - | 343 | 739.26 | 537 | 325.45 | ||||
| Túcume | 2,240 | 6,380.47 | 2,227 | 5,500.21 | 2,224 | 5,482.91 | 13 | 17.30 | 684 | 880.26 | 1 | 1.00 | 275 | 637.10 | 450 | 242.16 | ||||
| Pítipo | 1,630 | 55,042.18 | 1,484 | 5,541.48 | 1,484 | 5,541.48 | - | - | 690 | 49,500.70 | - | - | 461 | 9,497.86 | 40,002.84 | |||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de
Estadística e Informática: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 1994. * Does not include abandoned units or those that do not own land. |
Table 22 shows land use by size of ownership in the area of influence. The permanent crop type is fruits under irrigation. The permanent crops are lemon, mango, passion fruit [maracuya], orange, coconut, cherry [guinda], plums [ciruela], and grapes. The temporary crop types are cereals (yellow corn, rice), fruits (banana, papaya, watermelon), vegetables (carrots, squash, choclo corn), beans (Castilla beans, Chilean beans, lentils), tubers (yuca, potato, sweet potato), industrial crops (sugar cane), and others (flowers).
| Table 22. Land use by farm size in the area of influence. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| District | Crop type | Total | Farm size (Ha) | |||||||||||||||||
| less than 0.5 | 0.5-4.9 | 5-19.9 | 20-49.9 | 50-99.9 | 100-499.9 | 500 or more | ||||||||||||||
| No. | Area | No. | Area | No. | Area | No. | Area | No. | Area | No. | Area | No. | Area | No. | Area | |||||
| Íllimo | Permanent | 24 | 8.35 | 6 | 0.75 | 17 | 6.60 | 1 | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Temporary | 480 | 583.45 | 83 | 22.45 | 357 | 420.06 | 40 | 140.94 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
| Jayanca | Permanent | 226 | 412.09 | 16 | 3.88 | 134 | 100.38 | 61 | 82.33 | 7 | 13.75 | 2 | 43.00 | 5 | 163.00 | 1 | 5.75 | |||
| Temporary | 279 | 1,193.07 | 3 | 0.75 | 108 | 98.82 | 145 | 359.25 | 11 | 67.25 | 4 | 125.00 | 6 | 329.00 | 2 | 213.00 | ||||
| Pacora | Permanent | 162 | 90.95 | 1 | 0.25 | 90 | 41.22 | 63 | 44.13 | 7 | 4.35 | 1 | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | |||
| Temporary | 440 | 1,093.67 | 202 | 239.99 | 225 | 612.43 | 10 | 123.25 | 3 | 118.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
| Túcume | Permanent | 37 | 13.81 | 7 | 1.00 | 26 | 7.26 | 3 | 3.55 | 1 | 2.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Temporary | 1,544 | 3,159.30 | 84 | 22.84 | 1,207 | 1,729.17 | 241 | 1,116.54 | 10 | 160.75 | 1 | 55.00 | 1 | 75.00 | - | - | ||||
| Pítipo | Permanent | 41 | 22.27 | 1 | 0.25 | 27 | 10.52 | 12 | 10.50 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1.00 | |||
| Temporary | 926 | 1,541.38 | 15 | 3.65 | 681 | 768.43 | 212 | 537.80 | 13 | 138.50 | 4 | 84.00 | - | - | 1 | 9.00 | ||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 1994. |
Table 23 shows the number of users of agricultural inputs in the department of Lambayeque. A substantial number of farmers use pesticides in their operations, followed by chemical fertilizers. A small number are knowledgeable in the use of biological controls.
| Table 23. Users of agricultural inputs in the department of Lambayeque. | ||||||||
| Agricultural inputs | Have knowledge of biological control | |||||||
| 1. Improved seeds or plants | 2. Organic fertilizer | 3. Chemical fertilizer | 4. Pesticides | 5. Herbicides | 6. Fungicides | Uses all (1-6) | Does not use any | |
| 5,185 | 5,246 | 10,968 | 15,365 | 1,248 | 5,354 | 130 | 5,172 | 2,742 |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú): Censo Nacional de Población y Vivienda 2007. |
Table 24 shows the activity on animal husbandry in the area of influence, compared with that of the department of Lambayeque.
The animals raised are cattle, sheep, swine, and poultry. Goats are only raised for local consumption.
Commercialization is based on meat and dairy products. Pítipo shows the highest level of poultry production
in the area of influence.
| Table 24. Animal husbandry in the area of influence, compared with department of Lambayeque. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Department strict |
Total number of units |
Cattle | Sheep | Swine | Poultry | |||||||||||||||
| Units | Head | Pure- bred |
Units | Head | Pure- bred |
Units | Head | Pure- bred |
Units | No. of chicken |
||||||||||
| Lambayeque | 24,618 | 11,139 | 50,522 | 5,724 | 8,405 | 65,064 | 4,118 | 10,592 | 36,567 | 4,151 | 11,619 | 99,894 | ||||||||
| Íllimo | 1,132 | 287 | 807 | 13 | 200 | 955 | 64 | 347 | 940 | 52 | 285 | 1,927 | ||||||||
| Jayanca | 1,540 | 605 | 2,367 | 116 | 274 | 1,767 | 6 | 502 | 1,849 | 1 | 566 | 8,777 | ||||||||
| Pacora | 1,288 | 308 | 835 | 32 | 243 | 1,304 | 5 | 351 | 1,033 | 21 | 256 | 2,047 | ||||||||
| Túcume | 2,241 | 882 | 2,386 | 66 | 526 | 2,258 | 106 | 934 | 2,525 | 101 | 898 | 6,648 | ||||||||
| Pítipo | 1,678 | 859 | 3,620 | 315 | 413 | 3,191 | 36 | 711 | 2,896 | 114 | 869 | 12,976 | ||||||||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática: III Censo Nacional Agropecuario 1994. |
4.3.4 Infrastructure
Table 25 shows the type of water supply in the area of influence. The predominant type of water supply is from wells, particularly in
Pacora (72.6%), Pítipo (53.0%), and Illimo (52.7%).
| Table 25. Water supply in the area of influence. | ||||||||||
| District | Number of installations | Type of water service | ||||||||
| Piped, inside | Piped, outside | Public, centrally shared | Well | Truck tank | River, stream, or canal | Other | ||||
| Íllimo | 1,574 | 532 | 2 | 121 | 829 | 7 | 10 | 73 | ||
| Jayanca | 2,208 | 946 | 9 | 268 | 885 | 21 | 22 | 57 | ||
| Pacora | 3,050 | 538 | 2 | 42 | 2,215 | 146 | 68 | 39 | ||
| Túcume | 1,188 | 424 | 0 | 113 | 576 | 3 | 7 | 65 | ||
| Pítipo | 2,737 | 355 | 8 | 55 | 1,450 | 13 | 847 | 9 | ||
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú). |
4.3.5 Housing
Table 26 shows the wall material in housing in the department of Lambayeque, by provinces.
The predominant wall material in the provinces of Lambayeque and Ferreñafe is adobe.
| Table 26. Housing wall material in department of Lambayeque and its provinces. | ||||||||||
| Province | Number of structures | Predominant wall material (% of all materials) | ||||||||
| Brick | Stone | Adobe | Straw & mud |
Stone & mud |
Wood | Straw mat |
Other | |||
| Chiclayo | 114,082 | 38.8 | 0.7 | 57.1 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Lambayeque | 37,188 | 13.1 | 0.3 | 70.2 | 13.9 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0.3 | |
| Ferreñafe | 18,055 | 8.3 | 0.2 | 84.3 | 6.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | |
| Total | 169,325 | 29.9 | 0.5 | 62.9 | 5.0 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (Perú). |
4.3.6 Schools
4.3.7 Health care
4.3.8 Transportation
4.3.9 Fishing
4.3.10 Recreation
4.3.11 Public services
4.3.12 Archaeological and historical resources